必修1 Unit 4 Earthquakes
学案一
Warming up—Reading（A Night the Earth Didn’t Sleep）
酷图导学----唐山大地震紧急大营救！坚持，我们来了！
预习大热身
预习教材，提取教材中的关键信息，试做一下几道题目。
I.快速浏览课文，判断下列句子的正误：
1. A smelly gas came out of water in the well.（）
2. The sound of planes could be heard louder outside the city of Tangshan. （）
3. In fifteen terrible seconds, the city of Tangshan was destroyed by the earthquake.（）
4. All the city’s hospitals and factories were gone.（）
5. The army was the only force to rescue those who were trapped in the ruins.（）
【答案】
1. F
2. F
3. T
4. F
5. F
II. 课文理解：仔细阅读课文，回答下列问题。
1. What did mice do before the earthquake?
2. How long was the huge crack?
3. How many people died or were injured in the earthquake?
4. How did the earthquake affect the pigs and chickens?
5. What happened to the 10,000 miners trapped in the coal mines?
【答案】
1. They ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.
2. It was 8 kilometers long and 30 meters wide.
3. Four hundred thousand.
4. Many of them died.
5. They were rescued at last.
III. 阅读课文，归纳段落大意和概括全文主旨：
A. A terrible earthquake destroyed the city of Tangshan.
B. Something about the earthquake in Tangshan.
C. Strange things happened before the earthquake but people ignored them.
D. the timely rescue of the city.
E. yhe terrible scene of the ruins of the
Paragraph 1.____________
Paragraph 2.____________
Paragraph 3.____________
Paragraph 4.____________
The main idea of the passage: __________
【答案】
1-4 CAED Main idea: B
学点大梳理
重点单词讲与练
新知1. burst vi.（burst, burst）爆裂；爆发 n. 突然爆裂；爆发
In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.（Page 26）
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归纳拓展
burst vi.（burst, burst）爆裂；爆发
burst n. 突然爆裂；爆发
burst into sth 突然而猛烈地发出
burst out迸发；突然发作
burst forth突然爆发出; 喷出
burst into tears 放声大哭
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背诵例句
The bitter cold caused the water pipes to burst.
严寒使水管爆裂了。
All of a sudden, the tyre burst.
轮胎突然爆裂了。
动手练习
（1）My wife _________________（放声大哭）when she heard the bad news.
（2）The crowd _____________（爆发）cheering.
（3）The two robbers burst into the room.（变为被动语态）
_________________________________
（4）As they listened they __________ laughter.
A. broke out B. burst into C. burst in D. broke in
【答案】
（1）burst into tears（2）burst into
（3）The room was burst into by the two robbers.
（4）B。burst into laughter“突然放声大笑”。句意是：他们听着听着不觉哈哈大笑起来。
新知2. ruin n. 废墟；毁灭 vt.毁灭；使破产
In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.（Page 26）
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归纳拓展
ruin n. 废墟；毁灭
ruin vt. 毁灭；使破产
ruins废墟
in ruins 破败不堪
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背诵例句
The whole supermarket was ruined in a great fire.
整个超级市场被一场大火烧掉。
An earthquake left the whole town in ruins.
那次地震过后, 全城到处是颓垣断壁。
动手练习
（1）She poured water all over my painting, and _________（毁了）it.
（2）Much of the coast has been __________（糟蹋）by tourism.
（3）The building is in ___________（废墟）.
（4）We went to look at the ruins of the ancient city of Pompeii.（英译汉）
_____________________________________
（5）坏天气破坏了我们的假期。（汉译英weather, holiday）
_____________________________________
【答案】
（1）ruined （2）ruined （3）ruins
（4）我们去看了庞贝古城的遗址。
（5）Bad weather ruined our holiday.
新知3. injure vt. 损害；伤害
Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.（Page 26）
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归纳拓展
injure vt. 损害；伤害
injure vt. 刺伤（感情）
the injured 伤者
injury n. 伤害；侮辱
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背诵例句
He was seriously injured in the traffic accident.
他在车祸中受了重伤。
Anyway, I injured their pride.
总之，我伤害了他们的自尊心。
动手练习
（1）The _________（伤者）were rushed to hospital.
（2）She fell and _________（伤了）her back.
（3）They escaped from the accident with only minor _________（伤）.
（4）I didn’t mean to _________（伤害）his pride.
（5）没有人严重受伤。（汉译英seriously）
__________________________________
【答案】
（1）injured （2）injured
（3）injuries （4）injure
（5）No one was seriously injured.
新知4. destroy vt. 破坏；毁坏;消灭
Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.（Page 26）
The car was destroyed in the earthquake in Italy.
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归纳拓展
destroy vt. 摧毁
destruction n. 毁坏, 破坏
destructive adj. 毁灭性的
damage vt. & n.（部分）损坏
ruin vt. & n. 毁坏
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背诵例句
Fire destroyed several houses in the area.
大火烧毁了该地区的几栋房子。
All hopes of a peaceful settlement were destroyed by the bomb.
这个爆炸事件使一切和平解决的希望都破灭了。动手练习
动手练习
（1）All the enemy’s hopes were ____________（打破）.
（2）The house was _________（毁坏）by a bomb.
（3）The bridge destroyed, so they wouldn't get across.（改错时时练）_______
（4）这场大火毁了我的全部书籍。（汉译英）
____________________________________________
（5）All the roads and bridges to the front line _______ to prevent the enemy's supplies from coming up.
A. were damaged B. were harmed C. were hurt D. were destroyed
【辨析】destroy, damage和ruin
三词都含“破坏”、“毁坏”的意思。
destroy指“彻底毁坏以至不能或很难修复”, 如:
That town was destroyed in a big fire.
那个城镇在一场大火中被毁了。
damage指“价值、用途降低或外表损坏等, 不一定全部破坏, 损坏了还可以修复”, 如:
The earthquake damaged several buildings.
地震使一些建筑受到了破坏。
ruin现在多用于借喻中, 泛指一般的“弄坏了”, 如:
He knocked over a bottle of ink and ruined the table cloth.
他打翻了一瓶墨水把桌布弄脏了。
【答案】
（1）destroyed （2）destroyed
（3）destroyed前加was
（4）The fire destroyed all my books.
（5）D。were destroy “被摧毁”。
新知5. shock vt.& vi. (使)震惊；震动 n. 休克；打击；震惊
People were shocked. （Page 26）
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归纳拓展
shock vt.& vi. (使)震惊；震动
shock n.休克；打击；震惊
shocking adj.可怕的
shocked adj. 震惊的
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背诵例句
A slight shock occurred last night.
昨夜有轻微地震。
I was shocked when I heard about your accident.动手练习
当我听到你出事后我很震惊。
动手练习
（1）I ________________（大为震惊）at the sight.
（2）She _____________（感到很震动）at the sight of that man.
（3）She _____________（大为震动）by this information greatly.
【答案】
（1）was very much shocked
（2）was shocked（3）is shocked
新知6. rescue n. & vt. 援救；营救
Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.（Page 26）
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归纳拓展
rescue …from连用）解救；营救；救出
come to one’s rescue营救
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背诵例句
I'm coming to rescue you.
我马上来救你。
A brave fireman rescued the woman.
一个勇敢的消防队员救了这女人。
动手练习
（1）Had Jim not dived in to _____________（营救）him, the boy would have drowned.
（2）Trying to _____________（营救）a little boy from drowning, the young man himself was drowned.
（3）We came to his __________（营救）and pulled him out of the river.
（4）我该如何拯救我的好友？（汉译英）
_______________________________________
【答案】
（1）rescue（2）rescue （3）rescue
（4）How should I rescue my friend?
新知7. trap vt. 使陷入困境 n. 陷阱；困境
Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.（Page 26）
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归纳拓展
trap vt. 使陷入困境
trap n. 陷阱；困境
be trapped in 被困在某处
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背诵例句
Some miners were trapped underground after the collapse.
塌方后，有些矿工被困在地下。
The police set a trap to catch the thief.
警察设下了捉拿窃贼的圈套。
动手练习
（1）Firemen had to break the door down to reach the _________________（困在屋里的人）.
（2）The lift broke down and _________________（我们困在里面）.
（3）他们被困在发生火灾的旅馆里。（汉译英burning）
______________________________________________
【答案】
（1）people trapped inside
（2）we were trapped inside it
（3）They were trapped in the burning hotel.
新知8. bury vt.埋葬; 掩埋；隐藏
The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.（Page 26）
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归纳拓展
bury vt. 埋葬
bury vt. 隐藏；掩蔽
be buried in = burry oneself in
专心致志于；埋头于
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背诵例句
The robbers buried the jewelry chest on the mountain.
盗贼们把珠宝箱埋藏在山上。
He was sitting with his head buried in a book.
他坐着埋头看书。
动手练习
（1）Many men _________（被埋在）underground when there was an accident at the mine.
（2）She sat there, _________（沉浸于）in thought.
（3）He _________（埋头于）himself in his work.
（4）After the terrible earthquake in Sichuan Province, millions of people ____________（被埋在）in the ruins.
（5）这个男孩埋头读书。（汉译英）
【答案】
（1）were buried （2）buried
（3）buried （4）were buried
（5）The boy buried himself in his books.
常用短语析与用
新知1. right away（= straight away） 立刻；马上
Imagine your house to shake and you must leave it right away.（Page 25）
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归纳拓展
straight away立刻
right away立刻
at once立刻
immediately立刻
in no time 立刻
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背诵例句
She came right away.
她立刻就来了。
Okay. I'll call him right away.
好的，我这就给他打电话。
动手练习
（1）我们会立刻调查清楚。（汉译英look into）
___________________________________________
（2）让我们马上开始工作。（汉译英start）
___________________________________________
（3）立即停止抽烟! （汉译英）
___________________________________________
【答案】
（1）We'll look into it right away for you.
（2）Let's start our work right away.
（3）Stop smoking straight away!
新知2. as if仿佛；好像
It seemed as if the world was at an end!（Page 26）
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归纳拓展
as if =as though 好像
even if = even though 即使
as if to do 似乎要干某事
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背诵例句
It looks as if it is going to rain.
看起来天似乎要下雨。
I remember it as if it were yesterday.
我记得这件事，仿佛是昨天发生似的。
动手练习
（1）She opened her lips ________（似乎）to say something.
（2）I felt ________（似乎）I had known her for years.
（3）He quickly ran home, looking as if there was something wrong with him.（英译汉）
_________________________________________
（4）Tom looks almost _______ he were drunk.
A. even if B. though C. as if D. as long as
【答案】
（1）as if （2）as if
（3）他快步跑回家，看上去好像有什么事不对劲。
（4）C。as if “似乎”。
新知3. at an end 结束；终结
It seemed as if the world was at an end!（Page 26）
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归纳拓展
at an end 结束；终结
in the end最后；最终；终于
at the end of在……末端(到……尽头)21世纪大英汉词典》
by the end of 到……时为止
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背诵例句
Woman’s work is never at an end.
妇女的活计做不完。
The war was at an end.
战争结束了。
动手练习（用end短语填空）
（1）I must warn you that my patience is almost _____________.
（2）And I am afraid our time together is _____________.
（3）He passed the exam _____________.
（4）I'm tired _____________ the day.
（5）_____________ last week, I had read three books.
【答案】
（1）at an end（2）at an end（3）in the end
（4）at the end of（5）By the end of
新知4. dig out 掘出；发现
The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.（Page 26）
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归纳拓展
dig out 掘出；发现
dig up挖出；查出；查明；发现；得到
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背诵例句
Let's dig out the roots.
咱们把根挖出来。
Many people were dug out after buried by the landslide.
山崩之后，有许多被埋在土里的人被挖出来了。
动手练习
（1）The lawyer tried to _______________（挖掘全部细节details）of the case as soon as possible.
（2）他挖出了一些蔬菜。（汉译英vegetables）
（3）We _____________（挖出来）the rose bushes and planted some cabbages.
（4）Father _____________（挖出来）an old coin in the garden.
（5）The potatoes are ready to _____________（被挖出来）.
【答案】
（1）dig up all the details
（2）He has dug out some vegetables.
（3）dug out（4）dug out（5）be dug out
典型句式点与考
新知1. All hope was not lost.（Page 26）并不是所有的希望都没了。
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归纳拓展
not all =all not 并不是所有的都（部分否定）
not every并不是所有的都（部分否定）
none of = not any 都不（全部分否定）
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背诵例句
Not all answers are correct.
不是所有的答案都是正确的。
All people don’t like sports.
并非所有的人都喜欢运动。
动手练习（英译汉）
（1）Not everyone likes this book.
__________________________________
（2）Not all ants go out for food.
__________________________________
（3）I don’t like all the books.
__________________________________
（4）None of the books interest students.
__________________________________
（5）不是所有的人都能变成富翁。（汉译英become rich）
__________________________________
【答案】
（1）不是每个人都喜欢这本书。
（2）并不是所有的蚂蚁都出去寻找食物。
（3）我并不是哪一本书都喜欢。
（4）没有一本书能使学生感兴趣。
（5）Not all people can become rich.
新知2. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.（Page 26）在农家场院，鸡甚至猪太紧张，以至于不吃食了。
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归纳拓展
too…to…太……以至于不
so…as to…. 太……以至于
so（adj./adv.）…that…太……以至于
such（adj.+n.）…that…. 太……以至于
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背诵例句
He spoke too fast to make himself understood.
他说的太快了,别人听不懂。
One is never too old to learn.
活到老，学到老。
动手练习（英汉互译）
（1）He was too frightened to move in the darkness.
__________________________________
（2）This box is too heavy to carry by myself.
__________________________________
（3）通知你已经来不及了。（inform）
__________________________________
（4）那男孩紧张得说不出话来。（nervous）
__________________________________
【答案】
（1）黑暗中他太害怕了，不敢动。
（2）这个箱子太重了，我一个人拿不动。
（3）It was too late to inform you.
（4）The boy was too nervous to speak.
难句分析
1. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, went to bed as usual that night.
译为汉语。举例说明think little of句型。
__________________________________________________
【疑难解答】
译文：但是,唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当一回事,当天晚上照常上床睡觉了。
句型think little of此处的意思是“轻视，不重视；认为……没什么了不起”。近义词短语是think ill of“看不起(轻视)”。反义词短语是think highly of“高度评价”。例如：
All the visitors think little of the service here.
所有的游客对此地的服务印象都不好。
They think highly of him.
他们很敬重他。
2. Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake. 归纳英语中分数的表达方法。
__________________________________________________
【疑难解答】
分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于一，分母用复数；常常与of连用。修饰可数名词时谓语用复数，修饰不可数名词时，谓语用单数。例如：
Two-thirds of the earth's surface is water.
海洋占地球表面的三分之二。
Between one-third and two-thirds of all English words have French origin.
所有的英文字约有三分之一到三分之二源于法文。
3. Water, food, and electricity were hard to get. 译为汉语。举例分析该句型的特点。
__________________________________________________
【疑难解答】
译文：水、食物和电都很难弄到。
该句是“主语+形容词+to+及物动词（或不及物动词+介词）”。get的逻辑宾语是句子的主语。例如：
That question is difficult to answer.
那个问题不容易回答。
This machine is easy to operate.
这台机器操作简单。
4. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 译为汉语。说明the dead的用法。
__________________________________________________
【疑难解答】
译文：解放军组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。
the dead“死去的人”。“the+形容词”表示一类人，作主语时谓语要用复数。例如：
The young are required to respect the old.
年轻人应该尊重老年人。
The rich are not always happy.
有钱的人并不总是快乐的。
课后大落实
I.单词拼写
1. ______________（地震）are common in China.
2. There are ______________（数以百万计）of living things on the earth.
3. These two ______________（事件）were related to each other.
4. His political views are rather ______________（极端的）.
5. I had spent much time on the work but they told me it's ______________（无用的）.
6. ______________（灾害）can strike at any time.
7. Our company is the biggest user of ______________（电）in this area.
8. The ______________（收容所）are set up for the homeless.
9. He risked his life ______________（营救）the child.
10. The old generation can never forget the past ______________（苦难）.
【答案】
1. Earthquakes 2. millions 3. events 4. extreme 5. useless
6. Disasters 7. electricity 8. shelters 9. rescuing 10. sufferings
II. 词组填空：选择恰当的词或词组，用其正确形式填空。
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by the end of, thinks highly of, dig up, at an end,
right away
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1. They live on grasslands where they can easily _______________ants, and worms.
2. _______________last term，we had learned 3000 words.
3. He is ill; you should call in the doctor ______________.
4. Our hunt for a cheaper but larger house is at last ___________.
5. No, not really! I think only the professor really understands it. But I know the government ___________it.
【答案】
1. dig up 2. By the end of
3. right away4. at an end
5. thinks highly of
III. 完成句子
1. She _________________（为自己想的很少）her own comfort and she inspired thousands of young women to become nurses.
2. When my sister told me that she's fetching her boyfriend home, ________________（我感到震惊）.
3. He ________________（被困）in the crashed car and couldn't move his legs.
4. The treasure ______________（挖出）of the earth was a box of gold coins.
5. They would be _________________（太胖而飞不起来too…to…）, even if they had wings.
【答案】
1. thought little of 2. I was shocked
3. was trapped 4. dug out
5. too heavy to fly
IV. 完形填空
Seeing Well
An old lady suddenly became blind.
Though she had spent a lot of money on medicine she could not be 1 .
At last there came a doctor who said he would cure her if she gave him a large sum of money. She said she would give him the 2 when she was cured.
So the doctor came every day to 3 her.
But he was a thief. Every day he took away some of her belongings, first boxes, then chairs, then tables. But the 4 he gave her was good and she was cured.
“Now,” said the doctor, “give me the money.”
“I won’t,” said the lady.
So the doctor took her to 5 .
The old lady said to the judge: “I told the doctor that I would 6 him when I could see well. But I cannot see well. Before I was blind I used to see tables and chairs and boxes in my house. Now I can 7 see bare wells, so I am not completely cured.”
The judge understood and smiled.
“Sir”, he said. “ 8 you can make the lady see all her furniture and belongings, she 9 not pay you.”
That night the doctor quickly put back all the things he had 10 from the lady’s house.
1. A. saved B. impressed C. improved D. cured
2. A. money B. wealth C. furniture D. house
3. A. see B. treat C. support D. fool
4. A. attitude B. attention C. medicine D. entertainment
5. A. punishment B. government C. office D. court
6. A. respect B. pay C. thank D. follow
7. A. only B. hardly C. often D. always
8. A. If B. When C. Unless D. Once
9. A. can B. should C. may D. shall
10. A. given B. taken C. robbed D. borrowed
【答案】
1. D。be cured指老太太没法治好自己的眼。
2. A。the money指的是医生要的钱。
3. B。treat her指医生给她治疗。
4. C。medicine指医生给她的药。
5. D。took her to court指医生把她带到法庭。
6. B。pay表示老太太不愿意付医生的钱。
7. A。only“仅仅”，老太太看到的仅仅是家徒四壁。
8. C。unless相当于if not“除非”。
9. D。shall用于第三人称表示允许，shall not“不允许”。
10. B。take…from意思是“把……拿走”。
V. 阅读理解
A
Once there was a baby eagle living in a nest on a cliff (山崖). The baby eagle loved his nest. It was warm, soft and comfortable. And even better, he had all the food and love that his mother could give. Whenever the baby eagle was hungry, his mother would always come just in time with the delicious food he liked.
He was growing happily day after day. But suddenly his world changed. His mother stopped coming to the nest. He was full of sadness and fear. He thought he would die soon. He cried, but nobody heard him.
Two days later his mother appeared with some nice food. The baby eagle was wild with joy. But his mother put the food at the top of the mountain and then looked down at her baby. The baby eagle cried out. "Mom, why did you do this to me? I'm hungry. Don't you know I will die if I have nothing to eat?"
"Here is the last meal I give you. Come and get it by yourself," his mother said. Then she flew down and pushed the baby eagle out of the nest.
The baby eagle fell down, faster and faster. He looked up at his Mom," Why do you abandon me?" He looked down at the earth. The ground was much closer. Then something strange happened. The air caught behind his arms and he began to fly! He wasn't moving to the ground any more. Instead, his eyes were pointed up at the sun.
"You are flying! You can make it!" His mother smiled.
1. Which of the following is TRUE about the baby eagle’s life before his mother stopped coming to the nest?
A. He lived in a nest in the tree. B. His mother offered him nice food.
C. He was always cold and hungry. D. He lived very happily with a friend.
2. How did the baby eagle feel as soon as he saw his mother coming again?
A. Sad. B. Happy. C. Afraid. D. Angry.
3. What did the baby eagle's mother do when she came the last time?
A. She put some food in the nest.
B. She just came to see him again.
C. She shouted at her baby eagle and flew away
D. She pushed her baby eagle out of the nest.
4. What does the word“abandon”mean?
A. 抛弃 B. 保护 C. 启示 D. 拯救
5. We can infer from the story that_________.
A. the baby eagle lost his mother
B. the baby eagle fell down and died
C. the baby eagle could get food himself
D. the baby eagle was still angry with his mother
【答案】
1. B。本题考查归纳。这段时间母亲提供可口的食物。由第一段得出。
2. B。本题考查细节理解。雏鹰看到母亲非常高兴。由第3段The baby eagle was wild with joy得出。
3. D。本题考查细节。母亲这次来是为了把雏鹰推出巢穴。由第4段Then she flew down and pushed the baby eagle out of the nest得出。
4. A。本题考查词义猜测。abandon“抛弃”。因为是母亲把它推出巢穴后雏鹰说的。
5. C。本题考查推测。雏鹰终于能够飞翔了，能够自己找到食物了。由最后两段得出。